ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Lung Depth Dose from Inhalation of 222Rn Progeny
IN THE CASE of internally deposited radionuclides, direct ……measurement of the energy absorbed from ionizing radiation emitted by the decaying of these radionuclides is rarely, if ever, possible. Therefore, one must rely on dosimetric models to obtain estimates of the spatial and temporal patterns of energy deposition in human lung. These models always require information about the parameters of activity size distributions of radon progeny. In the present work, the attached and unattached activity size distribution of 222Rn progeny (214Bi and 214Po) were measured in indoor air of Minia University, Minia, Egypt. The attached fraction was collected using a low-pressure Berner cascade-impactor technique. A constructed wire screen diffusion battery was used for collecting the unattached fraction. Most of the attached activities for 214Bi progeny were associated with the aerosol particles of the accumulation mode. The AMAD of this mode for 214Bi was determined to be 350 nm with GSD of 3. The GSD of unattached size distributions for 214Po is 1.29 with AMTD of 1.25 nm. An analytical method has been developed to compute the local energy deposition of 214Po alpha particles in a target volume of 1 m spheres located at different depths in bronchial epithelium. In order to reach the target, alpha particles travel either through tissue alone or through air and tissue. While the depth-dose distributions in the case of nuclides uniformly distributed within the epithelium were practically constant with depth, they decreased in an almost linear fashion with increasing depth in the case of nuclides on the airway surface.
https://ejbbe.journals.ekb.eg/article_1189_1f0dd8c361992587edc1cdf856bebe41.pdf
2012-12-31
1
13
10.21608/ejbbe.2012.1189
radionuclides
Dosimetricmodels
Radon progeny
aerosol particles
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Bone Densitometry Measurement for Early Breast Cancer Patients
WOMEN with breast cancer particularly individuals diagnosed at ……..a relatively early age have an increased occurrence of osteoporosis. Aim of present work is to apply Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) technique on breast cancer patients who undergoing chemotherapy treatment for monitoring bone health and occurrence of osteoporosis. DEXA is considered as the most common and accurate way, to perform the Bone Mineral Area Density (BMAD) scanning.
DEXA scan for Lumbar Spine (LS) and Total Hip (TH) have been done in the present study for two age groups of women. First group ranged from 25 to 36 years old and second one ranged from 41 to 47 years old. All diagnosed women by any disease affects bone metabolism or classified as a osteoporosis patient have been excluded, in the beginning, of this study and the DEXA scan was completed for each participant at 0-month (baseline; controlled patients), 6-months and 12-months in order to record the effect of chemotherapy treatment.
For both groups, after 6-months a reduction of LS-BMAD and TH-BMAD baselines values have been detected; LS-BMAD reduced significantly from 1.186 g/cm
2 ± 0.083 to 1.143 g/cm2 ± 0.083, and TH-BMAD reduced significantly from 1.003 g/cm2 ± 0.028 to 0.975 g/cm2 ± 0.028. After twelve months, BMAD values of LS and TH were 1.125 g/cm2 ± 0.018, 0.969 g/cm2 ± 0.006, respectively.
The present study took place over twelve months and demonstrates that adjuvant systemic chemotherapy has deleterious effect on BMAD in pre-menopausal women with early breast cancer; also a great effect of age on BMAD has been revealed.
https://ejbbe.journals.ekb.eg/article_1190_7577f7430159828498d02fbf912572a3.pdf
2012-12-31
15
25
10.21608/ejbbe.2012.1190
breast cancer
Osteoporosis
Bone mineral area density (BMAD)
Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Spectral and Osmotic Fragility Analysis of Erythrocytes for Neonatal Jaundice
NEONATAL jaundice( physiological jaundice), an extremely …….common occurrence among neonates in the first week of life, can represent a benign physiological process or be the harbinger of serious illness with associated severe neurotoxicity. In the present work, a group of sixty five infants (GpI: control group, GpII: jaundiced neonates, GpIII: Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficient neonates and GpIV: is the Crigler –Najjar I (CNI) and Crigler –Najjar II (CNII) neonates), were included.The rheological and durability properties of the erythrocytes of jaundiced neonates were investigated using spectral analysis and osmotic fragility. The results revealed that, there was a significant decrease in the mean cell fragility (MCF) from 0.41 for control cases to 0.298 for CNI case also the hemolytic ratio shows a sharp decay at G-6-PD conc.<4 U/gHb*. Absorption spectra of erythrocytes shows a significant decrease of splitting factor (SF) as bilirubin (Bb) conc. increases, indicating that the cells tend to convert from oxygenated to deoxygenated state with a peak at 560nm which is confirmed by SF values. It may be concluded that a severe hyperbilirubinemia may leads to irreversible damage of spheroechinocyte cells, causing cell lysis .
https://ejbbe.journals.ekb.eg/article_1191_b0469237007fd51f2f602286408c9c78.pdf
2012-12-31
27
36
10.21608/ejbbe.2012.1191
Neonatal Jaundice
G-6-PD
Bilirubin
Osmotic fragility
spectral analysis
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Influence of Li2+ Content on Formation of Apatite Layer on Surface of SiO2-CaO-K2O-P2O5 Bioglass System
IN PRESENT study, sol-gel derived glasses were prepared based on … the following general formula :SiO2-CaO-P2O5-K2O and different concentrations of -Li2O (0-10 wt.%) were substituted for K2O in the studied system. The influence of these substitutions is investigated for both in vitro apatite formation ability and structure changes of the system. The thermal behavior of biomaterials is characterized by DSC and TGA. The precipitated crystalline phases were identified by X-ray diffraction analysis before immersion in simulated body fluid .Infrared absorption spectroscopy is performed on glass samples before and after SBF .Bioactivity results of this study suggest that formation of apatite layer depends on the concentration of Li2O which represents decrement in vitro bioactivity of glass . Also, it is possible to develop bioactive glass system by percentage of lithium content which controls the dissolution rate of this system to be applied in vivo for dentine and bone replacement.
https://ejbbe.journals.ekb.eg/article_1192_dc135294a985203cf45e42e860e2ca0d.pdf
2012-12-31
37
52
10.21608/ejbbe.2012.1192
sol-gel
Bioactive glass
in Vitro
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Glass-ionomer Cement SiO2, Al2O3, Na2O, CaO, P2O5, F- Containing Alternative Additive of Zn and Sr Prepared by Sol–gel method
GLass-Ionomer cement with composition SiO2, Al2O3, Na2O, ……CaO, P2O5, F- with substitute ZnO by SrO additive were synthesized through a quick alkali mediated sol–gel method. The effect of adding ZnO and SrO on the bioactivity of cured ionomer cement was examined in simulated body fluid (SBF). Glass powder obtained in this way was used to prepare the GICs. The ideal powder: liquid (P:L) ratio determined to prepare the experimental GICs was equal to 1:1. The chemical process allows the development of glass powder at 400 ◦C which is the aim of the present paper. The powders were characterized by thermal analysis (TG/DSC), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) and Antibacterial influence. The results obtained showed that ZnO and SrO doping to glass ionomer cement block sites of the apatite nucleation led to retardation the apatite formation, high antimicrobial effect of samples against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus Staph and also showed lack of water solubility by adding zinc contents.
https://ejbbe.journals.ekb.eg/article_1193_fd36558f08ce19be4bca366a2a83899c.pdf
2012-12-31
53
72
10.21608/ejbbe.2012.1193
GICs
sol-gel
Bioactivity
PPA
Antibacterials
water sorption
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Synthesis and Microstructure Characterization of Novel Sr-HA Prepared by Co-precipitation with Enhanced Bioactivity
THERE IS accumulating evidence that strontium-containing biomaterials have positive effects on bone tissue repair. In this study, a series of Sr-substituted hydroxyapatites (SrxCa1-x)5 (PO4)3OH, where x = 0.00, 0.5, 1.00 and 2.00 were made by the co-precipitation method. The microstructure analyses of obtained apatite after incorporation of Sr were evaluated by using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). Moreover, bioactivity of samples was examined by soaking samples in the simulated body fluid solution (SBF). Strontium is quantitatively incorporated into hydroxyapatite where its substitution for calcium provokes a linear increase in the lattice constants and a linear shift of the infrared absorption bands of the hydroxyl and phosphate groups, coherent with the greater ionic radius of strontium .Also incorporation of Sr into hydroxyapatite provokes its thermal stability and bioactivity. The obtained results indicate that Sr-HA have high potential to be used as a resorbable scaffold material release therapeutic agent to enhance osteogenesis and bone regeneration.
https://ejbbe.journals.ekb.eg/article_1194_cf2d23c1912aeab586d58693a5ed55fa.pdf
2012-12-31
73
85
10.21608/ejbbe.2012.1194
Hydroxyapatite
Sr-substituted hydroxyapatite
Crystal size
Bioactivity
Simulated body fluid