National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and TechnologyEgyptian Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Biophysics1110-852513120121231Lung Depth Dose from Inhalation of 222Rn Progeny113118910.21608/ejbbe.2012.1189ENJournal Article20131029
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">IN THE CASE of internally deposited radionuclides, direct ……measurement of the energy absorbed from ionizing radiation emitted by the decaying of these </span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">radionuclides </span></span></em><span style="font-size: xx-small;">is rarely, if ever, possible. Therefore, one must rely on </span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">dosimetric models </span></span></em><span style="font-size: xx-small;">to obtain estimates of the spatial and temporal patterns of energy deposition in human lung. These models always require information about the parameters of activity size distributions of </span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">radon progeny</span></span></em><span style="font-size: xx-small;">. In the present work, the attached and unattached activity size distribution of </span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">222</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Rn progeny (</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">214</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Bi and </span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">214</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Po) were measured in indoor air of Minia University, Minia, Egypt. The attached fraction was collected using a low-pressure Berner cascade-impactor technique. A constructed wire screen diffusion battery was used for collecting the unattached fraction. Most of the attached activities for </span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">214</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Bi progeny were associated with the </span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">aerosol particles </span></span></em><span style="font-size: xx-small;">of the accumulation mode. The AMAD of this mode for </span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">214</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Bi was determined to be 350 nm with GSD of 3. The GSD of unattached size distributions for </span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">214</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Po is 1.29 with AMTD of 1.25 nm. An analytical method has been developed to compute the local energy deposition of </span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">214</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Po alpha particles in a target volume of 1 m spheres located at different depths in bronchial epithelium. In order to reach the target, alpha particles travel either through tissue alone or through air and tissue. While the depth-dose distributions in the case of nuclides uniformly distributed within the epithelium were practically constant with depth, they decreased in an almost linear fashion with increasing depth in the case of nuclides on the airway surface. </span>https://ejbbe.journals.ekb.eg/article_1189_1f0dd8c361992587edc1cdf856bebe41.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and TechnologyEgyptian Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Biophysics1110-852513120121231Bone Densitometry Measurement for Early Breast Cancer Patients1525119010.21608/ejbbe.2012.1190ENJournal Article20131029
<em><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></em>
WOMEN with breast cancer particularly individuals diagnosed at ……..a relatively early age have an increased occurrence of osteoporosis. Aim of present work is to apply Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) technique on breast cancer patients who undergoing chemotherapy treatment for monitoring bone health and occurrence of osteoporosis. DEXA is considered as the most common and accurate way, to perform the Bone Mineral Area Density (BMAD) scanning.
DEXA scan for Lumbar Spine (LS) and Total Hip (TH) have been done in the present study for two age groups of women. First group ranged from 25 to 36 years old and second one ranged from 41 to 47 years old. All diagnosed women by any disease affects bone metabolism or classified as a osteoporosis patient have been excluded, in the beginning, of this study and the DEXA scan was completed for each participant at 0-month (baseline; controlled patients), 6-months and 12-months in order to record the effect of chemotherapy treatment.
For both groups, after 6-months a reduction of LS-BMAD and TH-BMAD baselines values have been detected; LS-BMAD reduced significantly from 1.186 g/cm
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">2 </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">± 0.083 to 1.143 g/cm</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">2 </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">± 0.083, and TH-BMAD reduced significantly from 1.003 g/cm</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">2 </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">± 0.028 to 0.975 g/cm</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">2 </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">± 0.028. After twelve months, BMAD values of LS and TH were 1.125 g/cm</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">2 </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">± 0.018, 0.969 g/cm</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">2 </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">± 0.006, respectively. </span></span>
The present study took place over twelve months and demonstrates that adjuvant systemic chemotherapy has deleterious effect on BMAD in pre-menopausal women with early breast cancer; also a great effect of age on BMAD has been revealed.https://ejbbe.journals.ekb.eg/article_1190_7577f7430159828498d02fbf912572a3.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and TechnologyEgyptian Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Biophysics1110-852513120121231Spectral and Osmotic Fragility Analysis of Erythrocytes for Neonatal Jaundice2736119110.21608/ejbbe.2012.1191ENJournal Article20131029
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">NEONATAL jaundice( physiological jaundice), an extremely …….common occurrence among neonates in the first week of life, can represent a benign physiological process or be the harbinger of serious illness with associated severe neurotoxicity. In the present work, a group of sixty five infants (GpI: control group, GpII: jaundiced neonates, GpIII: Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficient neonates and GpIV: is the Crigler –Najjar I (CNI) and Crigler –Najjar II (CNII) neonates), were included.The rheological and durability properties of the erythrocytes of jaundiced neonates were investigated using spectral analysis and osmotic fragility. The results revealed that, there was a significant decrease in the mean cell fragility (MCF) from 0.41 for control cases to 0.298 for CNI case also the hemolytic ratio shows a sharp decay at G-6-PD conc.<4 U/gHb</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">*</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">. Absorption spectra of erythrocytes shows a significant decrease of splitting factor (SF) as bilirubin (Bb) conc. increases, indicating that the cells tend to convert from oxygenated to deoxygenated state with a peak at 560nm which is confirmed by SF values. It may be concluded that a severe hyperbilirubinemia may leads to irreversible damage of spheroechinocyte cells, causing cell lysis . </span>https://ejbbe.journals.ekb.eg/article_1191_b0469237007fd51f2f602286408c9c78.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and TechnologyEgyptian Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Biophysics1110-852513120121231Influence of Li2+ Content on Formation of Apatite Layer on Surface of SiO2-CaO-K2O-P2O5 Bioglass System3752119210.21608/ejbbe.2012.1192ENJournal Article20140210
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">IN PRESENT study, sol-gel derived glasses were prepared based on … the following general formula :SiO</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">2</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">-CaO-P</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">2</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">O</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">5</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">-K</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">2</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">O and different concentrations of -Li</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">2</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">O (0-10 wt.%) were substituted for K</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">2</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">O in the studied system. The influence of these substitutions is investigated for both </span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">in vitro </span></span></em><span style="font-size: xx-small;">apatite formation ability and structure changes of the system. The thermal behavior of biomaterials is characterized by DSC and TGA. The precipitated crystalline phases were identified by X-ray diffraction analysis before immersion in simulated body fluid .Infrared absorption spectroscopy is performed on glass samples before and after SBF .Bioactivity results of this study suggest that formation of apatite layer depends on the concentration of Li</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">2</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">O which represents decrement </span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">in vitro </span></span></em><span style="font-size: xx-small;">bioactivity of glass . Also, it is possible to develop bioactive glass system by percentage of lithium content which controls the dissolution rate of this system to be applied </span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">in vivo </span></span></em><span style="font-size: xx-small;">for dentine and bone replacement. </span>https://ejbbe.journals.ekb.eg/article_1192_dc135294a985203cf45e42e860e2ca0d.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and TechnologyEgyptian Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Biophysics1110-852513120121231Glass-ionomer Cement SiO2, Al2O3, Na2O, CaO, P2O5, F- Containing Alternative Additive of Zn and Sr Prepared by Sol–gel method5372119310.21608/ejbbe.2012.1193ENJournal Article20140218
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">GLass-Ionomer cement with composition SiO</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">2</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">, Al</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">2</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">O</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">3</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">, Na</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">2</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">O, ……CaO, P</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">2</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">O</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">5</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">, F</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">- </span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">with substitute ZnO by SrO additive were synthesized through a quick alkali mediated sol–gel method. The effect of adding ZnO and SrO on the bioactivity of cured ionomer cement was examined in simulated body fluid (SBF). Glass powder obtained in this way was used to prepare the GICs. The ideal powder: liquid (P:L) ratio determined to prepare the experimental GICs was equal to 1:1. The chemical process allows the development of glass powder at 400 </span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">◦</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">C which is the aim of the present paper. The powders were characterized by thermal analysis (TG/DSC), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) and Antibacterial influence. The results obtained showed that ZnO and SrO doping to glass ionomer cement block sites of the apatite nucleation led to retardation the apatite formation, high antimicrobial effect of samples against </span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">Escherichia coli</span></span></em><span style="font-size: xx-small;">, </span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">Staphylococcus </span></span></em><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Staph and also showed lack of water solubility by adding zinc contents. </span>https://ejbbe.journals.ekb.eg/article_1193_fd36558f08ce19be4bca366a2a83899c.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and TechnologyEgyptian Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Biophysics1110-852513120121231Synthesis and Microstructure Characterization of Novel Sr-HA Prepared by Co-precipitation with Enhanced Bioactivity7385119410.21608/ejbbe.2012.1194ENJournal Article20140225
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">THERE IS accumulating evidence that strontium-containing biomaterials have positive effects on bone tissue repair. In this study, a series of Sr-substituted hydroxyapatites (Sr</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">x</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Ca</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">1-x</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">)</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">5 </span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">(PO</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">4</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">)</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">3</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">OH, where x = 0.00, 0.5, 1.00 and 2.00 were made by the co-precipitation method. The microstructure analyses of obtained apatite after incorporation of Sr were evaluated by using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). Moreover, bioactivity of samples was examined by soaking samples in the simulated body fluid solution (SBF). Strontium is quantitatively incorporated into hydroxyapatite where its substitution for calcium provokes a linear increase in the lattice constants and a linear shift of the infrared absorption bands of the hydroxyl and phosphate groups, coherent with the greater ionic radius of strontium .Also incorporation of Sr into hydroxyapatite provokes its thermal stability and bioactivity. The obtained results indicate that Sr-HA have high potential to be used as a resorbable scaffold material release therapeutic agent to enhance osteogenesis and bone regeneration. </span>https://ejbbe.journals.ekb.eg/article_1194_cf2d23c1912aeab586d58693a5ed55fa.pdf