National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and TechnologyEgyptian Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Biophysics1110-852522120211201Bioactivity Study of Streptomycin Sulfate loaded Chitosan/Bioglass Scaffold.11115541910.21608/ejbbe.2021.66203.1041ENAbdelrahmanAl-esnawyPhysics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt.0000-0002-9438-3959AhmedAbd RabohBiophysics Branch, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptAhmedBakrSpectroscopy Department, Physics Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.KhairyTohamyPhysics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, EgyptJournal Article20210304A novel type of drug-delivery scaffold based on bioactive glass (BG) and of Chitosan (CH) loaded with Streptomycin Sulfate (STRS) were prepared by improved freeze-drying. we synthesized a BG using the sol-gel method, mixed with a constant ratio of CH (BG:CH = 1:1 wt %). So, we have two samples: CH/BG (0% STRS) and STRS-loaded CH/BG (20% STRS) scaffold. The development of new composite scaffolds based on the combination of (CH) with (BG) scaffolds as a carrier to an antibiotic drug (STRS) for the application in bone tissue engineering. In this work, CH/BG and STRS-loaded CH/BG scaffolds. The obtained materials were characterized by different techniques X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Gun Scanning Electron Microscopy (FEG-SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDXA) before and after soaking in (SBF). Bioactivity results of the prepared scaffolds showed exhibits a deposition of a layer of Calcium Phosphate on their surfaces. The results showed that the scaffolds had high porosity with open pores. Furthermore, the BG particles were homogenously distributed within the scaffolds. According to the obtained results, STRS-loaded CH/BG (20% STRS) sample has higher bioactivity than CH/BG (0% STRS) sample.National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and TechnologyEgyptian Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Biophysics1110-852522120211201Dosimetric comparison of forward and inverse intensity modulated radiation therapy planning, and volumetric modulated arc therapy for (6and10) MV x-ray photons for left breast cancer122216927910.21608/ejbbe.2021.55538.1039ENMahmoud MeselhyAhmedradiation oncology departement national cancer institute0000-0001-6254-8387ZeinabMoneirradiation oncology department national cancer institute cairo universityAnwarA. ElsayedBiophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, EgyptHeba MohamedFahmyBiophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, EgyptJournal Article20201228Purpose of work <br /> To study the best planning techniques for post operative breast radiotherapy either F-IMRT or I-IMRT and VMAT . Another strategy is to check the dosimetric difference between using 6 or 10 MV energies for both I-IMRT and VMAT .<br /> Materials and Method: In the present study, four different inverse plans and one forward plan of randomly selected twenty left breast cancer patients were compared dosimetrically.Plans were done on Monaco (5.1) treatment planning system and data analyses were accomplished using one-way Anova test using IBM SPSS (20) data editor software.<br /> Results: Inverse planning achieve superior target coverage over forward planning (p value =0.001 ,0.07) and conformity index (p value < 0.05) maintaining adequate homogeneity index (p value = 0.461, 0.138) . Left lung and heart high dose levels decreased using I-IMRT, VMAT ( p value <0.05) at the cost of increasing volume irradiated by low doses (p value < 0.05 ). For contralateral lung VMAT increased absorbed dose over F-IMRT ( p < 0.05) but I-IMRT showed non significant increase of V5 GY ( p value = 0.14) .For contralateral breast both I-IMRT and VMAT increased absorbed dose over F-IMRT (P < 0.05 ) . <br /> Conclusion: It may be concluded that with inverse planning achieved better target coverage that increases tumor control . Inverse planning also achieved lower volume of high doses that reduces acute radiation effect and increased irradiated volume by low doses significantly that increases the probability of late radiation effect.National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and TechnologyEgyptian Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Biophysics1110-852522120211201Assessment of Therapeutic Ultrasound Effect on Cell Viability, Osmotic Integrity, and Dielectric Behavior232816928010.21608/ejbbe.2021.61429.1040ENMoustafa HusseinMoustafabiomedical research institute,aleandria university,EgyptJournal Article20210203Ultrasound (US) is a sound wave with frequency beyond the human hearing limit (20 kHz). US is relatively available, simple and energy saving. As a result it became hence an emerging technology for many biomedical applications. Low energy (low power, low intensity (>100kHz, 1 W/cm2) ultrasound is used for monitoring the composition and physico-chemical properties. on the other hand, High energy(high power, high-intensity,≤ 500 kHz ) ultrasound may induce mechanical, physical and chemical / biochemical changes through cavitation that is potentially compromising cell viability. Here in the goal of this work to investigate the potential effect of using therapeutic ultrasound on biological cell viability and integrality. Red blood cells (R.B.Cs) were our choice to investigate cell viability under the therapeutic intensity range of 0.5 – 3 W/cm2). Trypan blue dye exclusion test was to determine the integrity of cellular membrane. Cell membrane osmotic fragility of (R.B.Cs) was measured under series of saline solution osmotic pressure. The electrical signature of (R.B.Cs) was correlated before and after ultrasound irradiation. The results showed no significant alteration in (R.B.Cs) integrity and electrical behavior under US irradiation intensity range. As results using of therapeutic ultrasound intensity range of 0.5 – 3 W/cm2), showed no significant harmful effect on R.B.CS integrity and viability under current experimental conditions.National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and TechnologyEgyptian Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Biophysics1110-852522120211201Second cancer risk evaluation from breast radiotherapy using dose-response models294320410510.21608/ejbbe.2021.90963.1049ENIbrahimMohamed HassanPhysics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt.0000-0003-1067-3818Ehab MaroufAttallaRadiotherapy Department, National Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, EgyptMohamed IsmailEl GoharyPhysics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt55Journal Article20210816This study aimed to estimate the radiation-induced second cancer risks in normal tissues after the treatment of breast cancer with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). In this study, 10 patients with breast cancer have been chosen.Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT), intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plans were designed. The 3DCRT and IMRT plans were evaluated and compared with several dosimetric parameters for Planning Target Volume (PTV) and the Organs at Risk (OARs). The Organ Equivalent Dose (OED) was calculated based on linear, linear-exponential, and plateau dose-response models. The Second cancer risks were estimated by Excess absolute risk (EAR) for OARs. For breast, PTV dose coverage parameters were significantly improved in IMRT compared to 3DCRT.The ipsilateral lung V30Gy % and V20Gy % were significantly decreased with IMRT. However, The IMR plans were shown significant increases (p < 0.05) in the mean doses Dmean to OARs. Compared with the 3DCRT, the IMRT plans increase OED in OARs based on the linear, plateau and linear-exponential models. The second cancer risk with IMRT increased by 2.5 -3.5fold, 3.3-4fold, 3-7fold, and 4.6-5.3fold for contralateral lung, contralateral breast, esophagus, and stomach based on dose-response model applied. Conclusion: IMRT technique demonstrated a clear advantage in dose coverage, conformity, and homogeneity over 3DCRT and was superior in terms of OAR-sparing. The Second cancer risk in normal tissues based on the EAR model after IMRT is higher than 3DCRT. Advanced radiotherapy techniques as IMRT for breast cancer treatment must be evaluated based on secondary cancer risks when treating young patients